Federal districts of Russia: talking figures. How many federal districts are there in Russia? List and composition of the federal districts of Russia Urban population by federal districts

In modern conditions, participation in the world economy and the international geographical division of a group is possible not only at the state level. The subjects of the Russian Federation may independently conclude agreements with other countries and regions of the world. The Far Eastern Federal District already has such experience, which is actively integrating into the economy of the Asia-Pacific region.

A special place in the foreign trade relations of Belarus is occupied by Russian regions. Agreements and contracts with 60 constituent entities of the Russian Federation have been signed and are in effect! The main trading partners are Moscow (34% of the trade turnover between Russia and Belarus), the Tyumen region, St. Petersburg, the Moscow region.

In this regard, it is necessary to know not only the specialization of Russia in the world economy, but also the specialization of its individual regions. Let us consider the geographical specifics of the regions of Russia within the federal districts, which were organized by the Decree of the President of Russia of May 13, 2000 in order to increase the efficiency of the activities of federal government bodies. As a result, all subjects of the Russian Federation were grouped into seven federal districts(Fig. 32). Plenipotentiary representatives of the President of Russia have been appointed to each of them.

Rice. 32. Administrative-territorial division of the Russian Federation. Federal districts

List of subjects of the Russian Federation by federal districts and their centers

1. Central Federal District: Belgorod region, Bryansk region. Vladimir Region, Voronezh Region, Ivanovo Region, Kaluga Region, Kostroma Region, Kursk Region, Lipetsk Region, Moscow Region, Oryol Region, Ryazan Region, Smolensk Region, Tambov Region, Tver Region. Tula region, Yaroslavl region, Moscow. The center of the federal district is Moscow.

2.Northwestern Federal District: Republic of Karelia, Republic of Komi, Arkhangelsk Region, Vologda Region, Kaliningrad Region, Leningrad Region, Murmansk Region, Novgorod Region, Pskov Region, St. Petersburg, Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

The center of the federal district is St. Petersburg.

3. Southern Federal District: Republic of Adygea (Adygea), Republic of Dagestan, Republic of Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkarian Republic, Republic of Kalmykia, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Republic of North Ossetia-Alania, Chechen Republic, Krasnodar Territory, Stavropol Territory, Astrakhan Region, Volgograd Region, Rostov Region.

The center of the federal district is the city of Rostov-on-Don.

4. Volga Federal District: Republic of Bashkortostan, Republic of Mari El, Republic of Mordovia, Republic of Tatarstan (Tatarstan), Udmurt Republic, Chuvash Republic - Chavash Republic, Kirov Region, Nizhny Novgorod Region, Orenburg Region, Penza Region, Samara Region, Saratov Region, Ulyanovsk Region, Perm Territory.

The center of the federal district is the city of Nizhny Novgorod.

5. Ural federal district: Kurgan region, Sverdlovsk region, Tyumen region, Chelyabinsk region, Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug, Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug.

The center of the federal district is Yekaterinburg.

6. Siberian Federal District: Republic of Altai, Republic of Buryatia, Republic of Tyva, Republic of Khakassia, Altai Territory, Krasnoyarsk Territory, Irkutsk Region, Kemerovo Region, Novosibirsk Region. Omsk region. Tomsk region, Chita region, Aginsky Buryat Autonomous Okrug.

The center of the federal district is Novosibirsk.

7. Far Eastern Federal District: Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), Primorsky Territory, Khabarovsk Territory, Amur Region, Kamchatka Territory, Magadan Region, Sakhalin Region, Jewish Autonomous Region, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug.

The center of the federal district is the city of Khabarovsk.

Russia is the largest state in the world. This status predetermines the specifics of its political organization. So, the highest authorities decided to organize the government of the country through the establishment of federal districts. The corresponding model of the political system is to some extent unique from the point of view of world practice. How many federal districts are there in Russia? What is their list?

What is a "federal district"?

The federal district is an administrative and political unit provided for by the system of government in Russia. The territory of the Russian Federation is divided into subjects of the federation. Those, in turn, are united into districts according to a number of geographical, ethno-cultural, social and political characteristics. The respective administrative and political units are headed by authorized representatives of the President of Russia.

List of federal districts

How many federal districts are there in Russia? Now there are 9 of them. Among them:

• Central;
• Northwestern;
• Volga;
• Ural;
• Siberian;
• Far Eastern;
• Southern;
• North Caucasian;
• Crimean.

It should be noted that the North Caucasian District appeared only in 2010. Krymsky - in 2014. How many federal districts in Russia, we now know. Let us now consider in more detail their key characteristics.

Characteristics of the federal districts: Central Federal District

Let's start with the Central Federal District. The plenipotentiary representation - the highest executive body of the administrative-territorial unit in question, is located in Moscow. Among the most important economic characteristics of the Central Federal District is the presence of large volumes of natural resources, especially iron ores, phosphorites, bauxites, and cement raw materials. Another important feature that distinguishes the Central Federal District is that Russia has key financial centers here. The main ones, of course, are in Moscow.

Science-intensive industry is developed in the Central Federal District, including in the machine-building segment. The chemical industry plays an important role in the economic structure of the Central Federal District, especially in such segments as the production of mineral fertilizers and organic synthesis products. Resins, plastics, tires, dyes are produced here. The printing industry and the confectionery segment are also well developed.

The administrative and political structure of the Central Federal District is represented by the regions: Belgorod, Bryansk, Vladimir, Voronezh, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kostroma, Kursk, Lipetsk, Moscow, Oryol.

Northwestern Federal District

The structure of the federal districts of Russia includes the North-West. The authorized representative office of the Northwestern Federal District is located in St. Petersburg. In the economic aspect, the Northwestern Federal District can be attributed to the most developed in Russia. Both manufacturing and raw material industries are developed here. The Northwestern Federal District is also characterized by a highly developed transport infrastructure. How many federal districts in Russia have a comparable level of road development? It is difficult to say, since the experience of the Northwestern Federal District is completely unique in this sense.

One of the factors stimulating the growth of the economy of the Northwestern Federal District is the neighborhood with European states - Finland, the Baltic countries, Poland (if we talk about the Kaliningrad region). The Northwestern Federal District is characterized by a huge human resources potential. In the universities of St. Petersburg and other cities, specialists of various profiles are trained, and all of them receive the highest qualifications. The NWFD also contains significant amounts of natural resources.

In the structure of the Northwestern Federal District there are regions: Arkhangelsk, Vologda, Kaliningrad, Leningrad, Murmansk, Novgorod, Pskov. There are also republics in the Northwestern Federal District: Karelia, Komi.

Southern Federal District

The list of federal districts of Russia includes the Southern Federal District. Its specificity is in a unique, in many respects not typical for the rest of Russia, warm climate. The Southern Federal District of Russia is a national health resort. The region has completely unique thermal springs, mountain springs and artesian wells. There are the largest reserves of tungsten, non-ferrous metals, coal.

After the North Caucasian Federal District was separated from the Southern Federal District in 2010, there are regions in the structure of the region: Astrakhan, Volgograd. There are republics in the SFD: Adygea, Kalmykia. The structure of the Southern Federal District includes the Krasnodar Territory. The region is considered as one of the most promising in terms of investment in tourism.

Privolzhsky Federal District

Relatively small in area - about 7.27% of the total territory that Russia possesses, the Volga Federal District plays a crucial economic and political role in the development of the country. Thus, the share of industry in the economic system of the region is about 23.9%. This is one of the highest rates among all federal districts of the Russian Federation.

The industry of the Volga Federal District is represented by mechanical engineering, fuel and energy complex, agriculture, chemical and light industry. There are many republics in the administrative and political structure of the Volga Federal District: Udmurt, Chuvash, Bashkortostan, Tatarstan, Mari El, Mordovia. There are three regions in the Volga Federal District: Kirov, Nizhny Novgorod, Orenburg.

Ural Federal District

How many federal districts in Russia are located in the European part? At the moment - 7. Among those - the Ural Federal District. The authorized representative office of the Ural Federal District is located in Yekaterinburg. The region under consideration is characterized by a unique geography. It is located on the border between Europe and Asia, has significant natural resources and climate.

The leading sectors of the region's economy are oil and gas production, as well as the mining industry. There are significant reserves of iron, non-ferrous and precious metals. The Ural Federal District is characterized by many experts as one of the self-sufficient in terms of provision with resources and necessary technologies.

There are regions in the structure of the Ural Federal District: Kurgan, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Chelyabinsk. The Ural Federal District also includes the Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug.

Siberian Federal District

How many federal districts are there in Russia that are located in Asia? There are 2 of them. Among them is the Siberian Federal District.

Siberia is a huge Russian region, which is one of the key ones in terms of transport communications. It is understandable: it is through the Siberian roads that the cargo turnover between European and Asian Russia is carried out. Local highways are also of great international importance. Siberia is one of the most economically developed and promising regions of Russia. There are reserves of almost all the resources necessary for the economy.

The structure of the Siberian Federal District includes the following republics: Buryatia, Altai, Tyva, Khakassia. The Siberian Federal District includes regions: Irkutsk, Kemerovo, Novosibirsk, Omsk. In the structure of the Siberian Federal District there are regions: Altai, Krasnoyarsk.

Far Eastern Federal District

Another federal district of the Russian Federation, which is located in Asia, is the Far East. In terms of area, it is the largest, occupies about 36% of the territory of the state. It is characterized by huge potential in terms of economic development. It has significant volumes of natural resources, in particular, reserves of coal, oil, gas, and metals.

The Far Eastern Federal District includes the regions: Amur, Kamchatka, Magadan. There are regions in the structure of the Far Eastern Federal District: Primorsky, Khabarovsk. The Far Eastern Federal District includes the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia).

North Caucasian Federal District

The North Caucasian Federal District was formed on January 19, 2010 by separating from the structure of the Southern Federal District. It is characterized by a small area - about 1% of the territory of the state. In the Southern Federal District, the subjects of the Russian Federation are united, characterized by significant cultural and socio-economic proximity.

The NCFD includes the following republics: Dagestan, Ingushetia, Kabardino-Balkaria, Karachay-Cherkessia, North Ossetia-Alania, Chechnya. The Stavropol Territory is present in the structure of the North Caucasian Federal District. The city of Pyatigorsk located in it is the center of the North Caucasus Federal District. The residence of the Plenipotentiary Representative of the President of the Russian Federation for the North Caucasus Federal District is located in Essentuki.

Crimean Federal District

In March 2014, Crimea became part of Russia. Shortly thereafter, the Crimean Federal District was formed. In its structure there are 2 subjects. These are, in fact, the Republic of Crimea, as well as Sevastopol, which has the status of a federal city of the Russian Federation, as well as Moscow and St. Petersburg.

Crimea is one of the most important cultural, historical and tourist centers of Russia. This region is characterized by significant potential not only in the field of tourism, but also in terms of the development of industry, agriculture and other industries. At the level of federal legislation of the Russian Federation, tax preferences have been established for businesses that operate in Crimea. Programs aimed at stimulating intensive economic development of the region have been adopted.

According to the current methodology for assessing Population at the beginning of the next year is calculated as the sum of the population recorded on the basis of the last population census, minus the number of deaths and departures from the given territory for the year, and plus the number of births and arrivals in the given territory for the year.
Accounting population is given for the permanent population in Russia as a whole, federal districts, constituent entities of the Russian Federation, municipalities of all levels, including urban districts, municipal districts, urban and rural settlements and inter-settlement territories. The calculations take into account changes in the population of territories as a result of changes in borders, as well as changes in the urban and rural population as a result of the transformation of urban settlements into rural areas and rural settlements into urban areas.
Two new constituent entities of the Russian Federation were formed as part of the Russian Federation in 2014 (Federal Constitutional Law of the Russian Federation dated March 21, 2014 No. 6-FKZ “On the Admission of the Republic of Crimea to the Russian Federation and the Formation of New Subjects in the Russian Federation — the Republic of Crimea and the city federal significance of Sevastopol). In connection with the formation of new subjects within the Russian Federation - the Republic of Crimea and the federal city of Sevastopol, the Crimean Federal District was formed (Decree of the President of the Russian Federation of March 21, 2014 No. 168 "On the Formation of the Crimean Federal District").
The estimate of the resident population as of January 1, 2015 of the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol was made taking into account the results of the population census in the Crimean Federal District in 2014, as well as the natural population movement and population migration. Since, as of January 1, 2014, the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol were not part of the Russian Federation, the results of the population census were not moved to January 1, 2014. As the average annual population for these subjects, the population as of July 1, 2014 was taken.
The permanent population includes persons permanently residing in a given territory, including those temporarily absent on a specified date.
The urban population refers to the population living in urban areas. Urban settlements are considered to be settlements approved by legislative acts as cities and urban-type settlements (working, resort, summer residences and settlements of closed administrative-territorial formations). All other settlements are considered rural. The population living in them belongs to the rural.
Information about the municipal-territorial division is based on official documents received from the authorities of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation.
Data for the Republic of Crimea are given in accordance with the Law of the Republic of Crimea dated June 6, 2014 No. 18-ZRK “On the administrative-territorial structure of the Republic of Crimea”; for the city of Sevastopol in accordance with the Law of the city of Sevastopol dated June 3, 2014 No. 19-ЗС "On the administrative-territorial structure of the city of Sevastopol".

Population of Russian regions 2019: number, k large regions of Russia and fed. districts list

A list of all regions / regions of Russia is presented, ordered by population as of January 1, 2019 according to Rosstat data from 06/28/2019 "Number and migration of the population of the Russian Federation in 2018".

The most populated region of Russia is the city of Moscow with a population of 12 615 279 human . The second largest region of Russia is the Moscow region with a population of7 599 647 human. Third - Krasnodar Territory with a population 5,648,235 people.

The data on the population of the Federal Districts are also given. The most populated federal district is the Central Federal District - 39,378,059 people.

In general, in 2018, Russia experienced a population decline, which amounted to 99,712 people, despite the migration increase in124,854 people. The largest overall population growth in percentage terms was observed in the Republic of Ingushetia and the Leningrad Region.The largest overall decline in population as a percentage was observed in the Magadan and Tambov regions.

In total, there are 85 regions in Russia - subjects of the Russian Federation, including 22 republics, 9 territories, 46 regions, 3 federal cities, 1 autonomous region, 4 autonomous districts.

Table of the population of the regions as of January 1, 2019 and 01/01/2018 with data on total, natural and migration growth.

Also, the overall increase (loss) is estimated as a percentage (column Total %). The last column also shows the share of the population of the region as a percentage of the total population of Russia.

Annex II. Number and distribution of the population of federal districts, 1926-2002

Table II-1. Population of the federal districts as of the dates of the censuses* and as of January 1, 2002*, thousand people

* current population
** resident population

Table II-2. Growth (decrease) in the population of federal districts in intercensal periods
and in the period after the 1989 census, thousand people

Table II-3. Growth (decrease) in the population of federal districts in intercensal periods
and in the period after the 1989 census, %

Table II-4. The share of the population of federal districts in the population of Russia,
as of census dates and at the beginning of 2002, %

Table II-5. Share of urban population by federal districts of Russia
as of census dates and as of January 1, 2002, %

Table II- 6. Growth (decrease) of the urban population of the federal districts

Table II-7. Growth (decrease) in the urban population of the federal districts in the inter-census periods and in the period after the 1989 census, %

Table II-8. Growth (decrease) of the rural population of the federal districts
in inter-census periods and in the period after the 1989 census, thousand people

Table II-9. Growth (decrease) of the rural population of the federal districts in the intercensal periods and in the period after the 1989 census, %

Table II-10. Number of cities by federal districts, according to the 1989 census

Table II-11. Number of cities by federal districts at the beginning of 2002

* without distribution 5 cities of the Chechen Republic

Table II-12. Number of people living in cities by federal districts
according to the 1989 census, thousand people

Table II-13. Number of people living in cities by federal districts at the beginning of 2002, thousand people

* without the population of 5 cities of the Chechen Republic

Table II-14. Number of urban-type settlements by federal districts according to the 1989 census

Table II-15. Number of urban-type settlements by federal districts at the beginning of 2002

* without distribution of 3 urban-type settlements of the Chechen Republic

Table II-16. Number of people living in urban-type settlements by federal districts according to the 1989 census, thousand people

Table II-17. Number of people living in urban-type settlements by federal districts at the beginning of 2002, thousand people

* without distribution of the population of 3 urban-type settlements of the Chechen Republic

Table II-18. Distribution of the urban population of the federal districts by types of settlements, according to the 1989 census, %

Table II-19. Distribution of the urban population of federal districts by types of settlements,
at the beginning of 2002*, %

* without distribution of the urban population of the Chechen Republic